Asymmetric carbon atom: Carbon atom bonded with four different atoms or groups is called asymmetric carbon atom. Only sp3 can have asymmetric, neither sp2 nor sp.
They can be of two types:-
· Similar
· Disimilar
If a Molecule has dissymmetry then its mirror image will be always non-superimposable and this non-superimposable mirror image will be an optical isomer.
In case of a symmetric molecule,it wil always have a superimposable mirror image.
Disymmteric
Plane polarized light vibrates in all directions but if it is passed through nicol prism(made of CaCO3) then it vibrates only in direction. This is called plane polarized light.
Dextro Rotatory (d)(+)
Levo Rotatory (l)(-)
In every Fischer projection the two horizontal bonds are understood to be projecting out of the plane toward you and the two vertical bonds are projecting into the plane away from you.
The enantiomer of a compound can be drawn by simply drawing the mirror image of the Fischer projection
Molecules without any asymmetric center are also found to be disymmteric in some cases.
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